There has been a lot of controversy over ADD and ADHD in medical fields so it’s no wonder that individuals and parents of children diagnosed with ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) or ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) find the diagnosis almost as confusing to deal with as the symptoms of the disorder.
Is ADD or ADHD a Mental Illness?
According to the National Clinical Practice Guideline for the diagnosis and management of ADHD, ADHD (now the accepted term for ADHD or ADD) is considered a behavioral condition and not a neurological disease.
It is important to note that conditions often co-exist with ADD/ADHD such as learning problems, mood disorders, aggression and others, however, these conditions are not part of the diagnosis for ADD/ADHD and can be caused by factors unrelated to ADD or ADHD.
ADHD is also not an indicator of a lack of intelligence although the symptoms of ADHD can negatively affect a child or adult's ability to perform at school and work and may also co-exist with learning disabilities.
The symptoms of ADHD also vary in severity from one individual to the next. The symptoms of ADD/ADHD include: inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity, however, in approximately 1/3 of cases the criteria for hyperactivity is not met and the condition is classified as predominantly inattentive ADHD.
Do Children Outgrow ADD or ADHD?
Although it was previously thought that children outgrew ADD, it is now becoming accepted by many in the medical community that individuals diagnosed with ADD in childhood can continue to exhibit symptoms as adults.
Studies vary on the percentages but in recent years it has been suggested that half – two thirds of individuals diagnosed with ADHD as children continue to be affected by the disorder as adults.
It is possible that ADD is even more prevalent in adults as research has not conclusively determined the number of adults with ADHD and whether the symptoms disappear or individuals have simply found ways of managing their symptoms over time.
It is possible for the nature of the symptoms in adults to change or diminish based on current diagnostic analysis, so adults may not find their current lifestyle to be impacted in the same way by their ADHD as when they were children, or may not fit the diagnostics used to identify the disorder in children.
Does ADD or ADHD Have to be Treated with Medication?
Depending on the impact of ADD on an individual’s daily life, they may or may not be advised to treat with medication.
Stimulants such as Ritalin, Dexedrine and Adderall are the most commonly prescribed medication treatments, although antidepressants may also be recommended for some patients.
Therapy or counseling are also recommended to help both children and adults living with ADD or ADHD. Coaching can help adults deal with time management and other areas that need improvement while children may benefit from educational intervention and behavior therapy either alone, or in combination with other treatment.
Another form of treatment that is still in controversy is the use of elimination diets or supplementation. Conclusive evidence has not been formed on these treatments, however, anecdotal reports may indicate that some children do benefit from these measures.
Before considering any treatment it is important to examine whether an underlying cause is responsible for ADHD-type symptoms as some conditions can mimic the symptoms of ADHD and respond better to different treatments.
Why Treatment of ADD/ADHD is Important
If left untreated, a person with ADHD runs an increased risk of drug use, depression, anxiety and other problems associated with the struggles to live with the disability. The treatment of ADD/ADHD helps sufferers cope with the effects of their symptoms at school, work and in relationships.
Each individual or parent needs to assess the risks and benefits of recommended treatment and consult with medical professionals about their options. Once diagnosed, continued assessment should be part of any treatment plan so that changes in behavior, side effects or improvements can be tracked and modifications made.
Sources:
- Attention Deficit Disorder Association
- National Clinical Practice Guideline Number 72 - (2008) – National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health
Shannon Emmanuel - Shannon has worked as an online researcher and web content writer for over five years. Along with writing web content articles, sales ...
